Novel isochoric impregnation to develop high-quality and nutritionally fortified plant materials (apples and sweet potatoes)
Corresponding Author
Cristina Bilbao-Sainz
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Correspondence
Cristina Bilbao-Sainz, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Data curation (lead), Formal analysis (lead), Investigation (lead), Methodology (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorBor-Sen Chiou
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Contribution: Investigation (supporting), Methodology (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorGary Takeoka
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Contribution: Investigation (supporting), Methodology (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorTina Williams
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDelilah Wood
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMatthew J. Powell-Palm
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBoris Rubinsky
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Funding acquisition (equal), Supervision (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorTara McHugh
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting), Funding acquisition (equal), Project administration (lead), Supervision (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Cristina Bilbao-Sainz
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Correspondence
Cristina Bilbao-Sainz, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Data curation (lead), Formal analysis (lead), Investigation (lead), Methodology (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorBor-Sen Chiou
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Contribution: Investigation (supporting), Methodology (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorGary Takeoka
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Contribution: Investigation (supporting), Methodology (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorTina Williams
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDelilah Wood
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMatthew J. Powell-Palm
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBoris Rubinsky
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Funding acquisition (equal), Supervision (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorTara McHugh
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting), Funding acquisition (equal), Project administration (lead), Supervision (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information:
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, AFRI project Proposal #: 2017−0,5031, Award # 2018-67,017-27,826 “Preservation of food by isochoric (constant volume) freezing.”
Abstract
Isochoric impregnation was explored as a novel pressure-assisted infusion technique to fortify plant materials with bioactive compounds. Apple and potato cylinders were impregnated with a sucrose solution containing 4% ascorbic acid (AA) while freezing under isochoric conditions. Isochoric impregnation resulted in greater infusion of AA compared to infusion at atmospheric pressure, which demonstrated the feasibility of this impregnation technology. Processing temperatures (–3°C and –5°C) and processing times (1, 3, and 5 h) significantly affected the AA infusion. The AA content values ranged from 446 to 516 mg/100 g for apples and 322 to 831 mg/100 g for sweet potatoes under isochoric conditions. For both plant materials, isochoric impregnation at –3°C did not cause major changes in texture and microstructure of the biological tissues. These results indicated that isochoric impregnation of solid foods could be a feasible technology for infusion of bioactive compounds without significantly altering their matrix.
Practical Application
The findings of this study showed that the use of isochoric impregnation as a fortification technique is a promising way to develop fresh-like and value-added products with improved nutrition during preservation at subfreezing temperatures.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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